China is known for its strict internet censorship policies, often referred to as the Great Firewall of China (GFW). Many popular websites like Google, Facebook, YouTube, and Twitter are blocked in the country. To bypass these restrictions, millions of people rely on Virtual Private Networks (VPNs).
But the big question remains: Is using a VPN illegal in China?
The short answer is: VPNs are heavily restricted and unauthorized VPNs are illegal, but many people still use them.
In this guide, we’ll explore the legal status of VPNs in China, how they work, why they are restricted, and what you should know before using one.
Table of Contents
What Is a VPN?
A VPN (Virtual Private Network) is a tool that encrypts your internet connection and routes it through a secure server in another location. This helps users:
- Bypass censorship and access restricted websites
- Enhance privacy by hiding their IP address
- Secure their data from hackers and government surveillance
While VPNs are legal in most countries, China has taken an aggressive stance against their use.
Why Does China Block VPNs?
China has one of the strictest internet censorship systems in the world, known as the Great Firewall. The government controls online content for several reasons:
- Political Control – The government wants to restrict access to information that could challenge its authority.
- Social Stability – Blocking certain platforms helps prevent mass movements and protests.
- Economic Reasons – Encouraging the use of local services instead of foreign platforms supports domestic companies.
- Cybersecurity – The government claims that censorship helps protect against cyber threats and misinformation.
Since VPNs allow users to bypass these controls, the Chinese government actively blocks and restricts their use.
Are VPNs Illegal in China?
1. The Law on VPN Usage
VPNs are not completely illegal in China, but they are heavily regulated. The Chinese government has issued several laws restricting VPN use:
- 2017 Regulation: The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) announced that all VPN services must be approved by the government.
- Crackdown on Unauthorized VPNs: Individuals and businesses using unapproved VPNs can face fines or other penalties.
2. Are VPN Users Punished?
Although the government actively blocks VPNs, individual users are rarely punished. However, there have been cases where people were fined for using unauthorized VPNs.
For example:
- In 2018, a man in Guangdong was fined ¥1,000 (about $150) for using a VPN.
- In 2019, another man was fined ¥1,000 for selling VPN services.
While such cases exist, millions of people still use VPNs without issues.
3. Who Can Legally Use VPNs in China?
Some businesses, universities, and government agencies are allowed to use VPNs if they obtain a special license. Foreign companies operating in China also use government-approved VPNs to access essential services.
How Does China Block VPNs?
The Great Firewall uses advanced technologies to block VPN traffic, including:
1. Deep Packet Inspection (DPI)
This technology analyzes internet traffic and detects VPN usage based on encryption patterns.
2. IP Blocking
The government blocks IP addresses of known VPN servers. Many VPN services frequently change their servers to avoid detection.
3. DNS Filtering
China controls its Domain Name System (DNS) and blocks access to VPN websites and services.
4. Connection Resetting
If a VPN connection is detected, the system may forcefully disconnect the user.
Despite these restrictions, some VPNs still manage to work in China.
Best VPNs That Still Work in China (2025 Update)
Even though China actively blocks VPNs, some still manage to bypass restrictions. Here are some of the best VPNs that currently work in China:
1. ExpressVPN
- Fast and reliable
- Strong encryption
- Works on multiple devices
2. NordVPN
- Large server network
- Obfuscated servers to bypass censorship
- Strong privacy features
3. Surfshark
- Affordable and effective
- No device limits
- Stealth mode to avoid detection
4. Astrill VPN
- Popular among users in China
- Advanced stealth technology
- Premium pricing but reliable
⚠️ Note: VPN performance in China changes frequently, and a VPN that works today might be blocked tomorrow. Always check for the latest updates.
Alternative Ways to Bypass Censorship in China
If VPNs don’t work, here are some alternative methods to access restricted content:
1. Shadowsocks
- A proxy tool that disguises traffic as normal web browsing
- Less likely to be detected than traditional VPNs
2. Tor Browser
- Encrypts traffic through multiple relays
- Harder to use and slower than a VPN
3. Smart DNS Services
- Helps unblock websites without encrypting traffic
- Less secure than VPNs but harder to detect
While these methods can be useful, they do not provide the same level of security as a high-quality VPN.
Is It Safe to Use a VPN in China?
Using a VPN in China comes with some risks. Here’s what you should keep in mind:
✅ Low Risk for Personal Use: Most individuals use VPNs without issues, but there’s always a chance of getting caught.
❌ High Risk for Selling VPNs: Operating a VPN business without approval is illegal and can result in heavy fines or jail time.
⚠️ Inconsistent VPN Access: VPN services may stop working due to new government restrictions.
To stay safe:
- Use a trusted VPN with stealth technology
- Avoid discussing VPN usage on Chinese social media
- Keep a backup VPN or proxy in case one stops working
Future of VPNs in China
The Chinese government continues to strengthen internet controls, and VPNs are a primary target. However, as long as censorship exists, people will look for ways to bypass it.
Possible future scenarios:
- Stronger VPN Restrictions: China may introduce more advanced blocking techniques.
- More Government-Approved VPNs: The government may allow only state-controlled VPNs.
- Growth of Alternative Technologies: People may turn to decentralized and AI-powered tools for bypassing censorship.
Regardless of what happens, the demand for unrestricted internet access in China will not go away.
Final Thoughts: Should You Use a VPN in China?
Is VPN illegal in China? Technically, unauthorized VPNs are illegal, but enforcement against individual users is rare. Many people, including foreigners and business professionals, continue to use VPNs to access the open internet.
If you plan to use a VPN in China:
✅ Choose a reliable and stealthy VPN
✅ Keep multiple VPNs in case one gets blocked
✅ Stay informed about changing regulations
While there’s always a risk, millions of users still rely on VPNs daily. If you’re traveling or living in China, understanding the legal and technical landscape of VPNs is essential for making an informed decision.